Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis primarily affects women over 50, weakening bones due to reduced mineral density and mass. Even those with Osteopenia, a milder form, risk fractures from minor incidents. Tocotrienols help reduce bone resorption and enhance turnover, especially in postmenopausal women without estrogen protection. Calcium and Vitamin D3 supplements are common, but excess calcium can accumulate in arteries and tissues. Bisphosphonate drugs, while preserving bone, may cause issues like Osteonecrosis. GeranylGeraniol (GG) mitigates these effects by supporting bone cell health, promoting new blood vessels, and improving bone healing. GG also preserves Mesenchymal Stem Cells, which contribute to bone formation and inhibits bone-dissolving cells (Osteoclasts). In animal studies, GG enhanced bone healing, prevented Osteonecrosis, reduced infections, and decreased inflammation.
Note: Vitamin K encompasses K1, K2 (MK4 and MK7), and K3. K1 is used for blood clotting, while K2 (MK4) aids calcium transfer to bones and teeth. GG is a precursor molecule aiding in the body's production of Vitamin K-2 (MK4). Tocotrienols and GG collaborate to combat Osteopenia and Osteoporosis, especially in the elderly with diminished CoQ10 and GG production capabilities compared to their younger years.
References
Vitamin B and Vitamin E - Pleiotropic and Nutritional Benefits (2023) - Vitamin E Inhibits Osteoclastogenesis in Protecting Osteoporosis
Antioxidants (2022) - Ameliorative Effect of Tocotrienols on Perimenopausal-Associated Osteoporosis—A Review
Korean Journal of International Medicine (2021) - Tocotrienol regulates osteoclastogenesis in rheumatoid arthritis
International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2020) - Food for Bone: Evidence for a Role for Delta-Tocotrienol in the Physiological Control of Osteoblast Migration
eFood (2020) - Tocotrienols in Bone Protection: Evidence from Preclinical Studies
International Journal of Molecular Science (2019) - The Role of Tocotrienol in Preventing Male Osteoporosis—A Review of Current Evidence
Osteoporosis International (2018) - Tocotrienol supplementation suppressed bone resorption and oxidative stress in postmenopausal osteopenic women: a 12-week randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy (2018) - Effects of tocotrienol from Bixa orellana (annatto) on bone histomorphometry in a male osteoporosis model induced by buserelin