Oxidative Stress
Tocotrienols protect cells by directly scavenging ROS, preventing lipid damage, boosting endogenous Antioxidants, and modulating Stress-response pathways, making them powerful agents against Oxidative Stress–related diseases (neurodegeneration, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, osteoporosis, cancer).
Tocotrienols are 40–60 times more potent Antioxidants than Alpha-Tocopherol in Preventing Lipid Peroxidation.
Tocotrienols neutralize Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) such as Superoxide Anions, Hydroxyl Radicals, and Peroxyl Radicals.
Tocotrienols distribute better in Lipid Bilayer Membranes (compared to Tocopherols) making them much more effective in protecting Cell Membranes from Lipid Peroxidation.
Tocotrienols quickly quench the chain reactions caused by Free Radicals in Oxidative Stress, by donating hydrogen atoms to Lipid Radicals, thereby protecting Membranes, LDL particles, & Mitochondrial lipids.
Tocotrienols upregulate Antioxidant Enzymes like SuperOxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase, and Glutathione Peroxidase.
Tocotrienols increase Glutathione (GSH), the body’s master antioxidant.
By reducing ROS, Tocotrienols downregulate NF-κB, COX-2, and Inflammatory Cytokines, which are activated during Oxidative Stress.
Tocotrienols modulate Nrf2 Signaling, boosting the body’s own defense against Oxidative damage.
Tocotrienols protect neurons from Oxidative Stress–induced Apoptosis.
Tocotrienols stabilize Mitochondria, reduce Mitochondrial ROS, and preserve ATP production.
Delta- and Gamma- Tocotrienols are the most effective forms of Vitamin E in Oxidative Stress reduction.
References
Effects of Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction Supplementation in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2023)
https://advances.nutrition.org/article/S2161-8313%2823%2901327-3/fulltext?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Revisiting the Therapeutic Potential of Tocotrienol (2022)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9544065/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Effects of tocotrienols supplementation on markers of inflammation and oxidative stress: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (2021)
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0255205&utm_source=chatgpt.com
Beneficial effects of Delta- Tocotrienol against Oxidative Stress in Osteoblastic Cells: studies on the mechanisms of action (2019)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7351870/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
Effects of delta-tocotrienol supplementation on liver enzymes, inflammation, oxidative stress and hepatic steatosis in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (2018)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6284694/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
A Review on the Relationship between Tocotrienol and Alzheimer Disease (2018)
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/10/7/881?utm_source=chatgpt.com
The neuroprotective effects of tocotrienol rich fraction and alpha tocopherol against glutamate injury in astrocytes (2014)
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4333972/?utm_source=chatgpt.com
α-Tocotrienol provides the most potent neuroprotection among vitamin E analogs on cultured striatal neurons (2004) https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0028390804001923?utm_source=chatgpt.com